Meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation in lean and obese women after consumption of carbohydrate-rich and fat-rich meals

Tentolouris, Nicholas; Alexiadou, Kleopatra; Kokkinos, Alexander; Koukou, Eustathia; Perrea, Despoina; Kyriaki, Despoina; Katsilambros, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2010.02.007

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Volume 27, Issue 3 , Pages 310-315, March 2011

Meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation in lean and obese women after consumption of carbohydrate-rich and fat-rich meals

Nicholas Tentolouris, M.D., Ph.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +30-210-745-6261; fax: +30-210-746-2640.
Kleopatra Alexiadou, M.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Alexander Kokkinos, M.D., Ph.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Eustathia Koukou, M.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Despoina Perrea, Ph.D.
- Department of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
Despoina Kyriaki, M.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Nicholas Katsilambros, M.D., Ph.D.
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece

Received 30 August 2009; accepted 11 February 2010. published online 28 June 2010.

Abstract

Objective

To examine differences in meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation between lean and obese women after consumption of two different isocaloric meals, one rich in carbohydrate (CHO) and one rich in fat.

Methods

A total of 19 lean and 22 obese women were studied on two occasions, 1 wk apart. In one visit they consumed a CHO-rich meal and in the other visit a fat-rich meal. The two meals were isocaloric and were given in random order. Resting energy expenditure and macronutrient oxidation rates were measured and calculated in the fasting state and every hour for 3 h after meal consumption.

Results

Meal-induced thermogenesis was not different between lean and obese subjects after the CHO-rich (P = 0.89) or fat-rich (P = 0.32) meal, but it was significantly higher after the CHO-rich compared with the fat-rich meal in the lean and the obese individuals (P < 0.05). Protein oxidation rate increased slightly but significantly after the test meals in both groups (P < 0.01). Fat oxidation rate decreased after consumption of the CHO-rich meal (P < 0.001), whereas it increased after consumption of the fat-rich meal in both groups (P < 0.01). CHO oxidation rate increased in both groups after consumption of the CHO-rich meal (P < 0.001). Oxidation rates of protein, fat, and CHO during the experiment were not significantly different between lean and obese participants.

Conclusion

Meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation rates were not significantly different between lean and obese women after consumption of a CHO-rich or a fat-rich meal.

Keywords: Obesity, Diet-induced thermogenesis, Protein oxidation, Fat oxidation, Glucose oxidation