Nutrition
Volume 26, Issue 1 , Pages 1-9 , January 2010

Food security measurement in cultural pluralism: Missing the point or conceptual misunderstanding?

  • Andre M.N. Renzaho, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention and Related Research and Training, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
    • School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +61-3-9251-7772; fax: +61-3-9244-6624.
  • ,
  • David Mellor, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia

Received 30 November 2008 ,Accepted 4 May 2009.

References 

  1. Australian Bureau of Statistics . 2006 Census of population and housing (cat. no. 2914.0.55.002). Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2007;
  2. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development . International migration outlook. Sopemi edition. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development; 2007;
  3. Department of Education, Employment and Training. Guidelines for managing cultural and linguistic diversity in schools. Melbourne: State Government of Victoria; 2001;
  4. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development . Aid effectiveness: three good reasons why the Paris Declaration will make a difference. Development co-operation report. Volume 7, No. 1. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; 2006;
  5. Gallegos D, Ellies P, Wright J. Still there's no food! Food insecurity in a refugee population in Perth, Western Australia. Nutr Diet. 2008;65:78–83
  6. Booth S, Smith A. Food security and poverty in Australia—challenges for dietitians. J Nutr Diet. 2001;58:150–156
  7. Renzaho A. Addressing the needs of refugees and humanitarian entrants in Victoria: an evaluation of health and community services. Melbourne: Centre for Culture, Ethnicity and Health; 2002;
  8. NSW Centre for Public Health Nutrition . Food security option paper: a planning framework and menu of options for policy and practice interventions. Gladesville: Better Health Centre Publication Warehouse; 2003;
  9. Meedeniya J, Smith A, Carter P. Food supply in rural South Australia: a survey on food cost, quality and variety. Adelaide: Eat Well South Australia; 2000;
  10. VicHealth. Fact sheet: food security; 2007. Available at: http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/assets/contentFiles/food_security_fact.pdf. Accessed September 11, 2008.
  11. Renzaho AMN. Human right to food security in refugee settings: rhetoric versus reality. Austral J Hum Rights. 2002;8:43–55
  12. Watson A. Food poverty: policy options for the new millennium. London: Sustain: The Alliance for Better Food and Farming; 2001;
  13. Watson A, Hiscock S, Reale D. Food with latitude: a report exploring food project links across the north-south divide. London: Sustain: The Alliance for Better Food and Farming/Oxfam; 2002;
  14. World Health Organization . The management of nutrition in major emergencies. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2000;
  15. Curry J. Gender and livestock in African production systems: an introduction. Hum Ecol. 1996;24:149–160
  16. Women in Development Service and F.W.a.P. Division. Towards sustainable food security: women and sustainable food security. Available at: http://www.fao.org/SD/FSdirect/FBdirect/FSP001.htm. Accessed September 12, 2008.
  17. United Nations. Universal declaration of human rights. Adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 10, 1948.
  18. United Nations. The international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. Adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 16, 1966.
  19. United Nations General Assembly universal declaration of human rights, G.A. res. 217A (III), U.N. Doc A/810 at 71 (1948). New York: United Nations; 1948.
  20. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Universal declaration on the eradication of hunger and malnutrition. Adopted November 16, 1974, by the World Food Conference convened under General Assembly resolution 3180 (XXVIII) of December 17, 1973, and endorsed by General Assembly resolution 3348 (XXIX) of December 1, 1974.
  21. United Nations . Report of the World Food Conference, Rome 5–16 November 1974. New York: United Nations; 1975;
  22. Ahmad K. Meeting the challenge: the millennium declaration calls for a joint effort by nations to refocus their priorities to achieve significant changes by 2015—it is a daunting task that presents many challenges. Asian Dev Bank Rev. 2004;36(3):10–11
  23. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . Trade reforms and food security: conceptualizing the linkages. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2003;
  24. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . World food security: a reappraisal of the concepts and approaches. Director General's Report. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 1983;
  25. Maxwell S, Frankenberger T. Household food security: concepts, indicators, measurements. Rome: International Fund for Agricultural Development; 1992;
  26. Hoddinott J. Operationalizing household food security in development projects: an introduction. Technical guide no. 1. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute; 1999;
  27. Maxwell S, Smith M. Household food security: a conceptual review. In:  Maxwell S,  Frankenberger TR editor. Household food security: concepts, indicators, measurements: a technical review. New York: UNICEF/Rome: IFAD; 1992;p. 1–72
  28. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome declaration on world food security and World Food Summit plan of action. World Food Summit; Rome, Italy; November 1–17, 1996.
  29. Hamelin A, Habichta J, Beaudry M. Food Insecurity: consequences for the household and broader social implications. J Nutr. 1999;129:525–528
  30. Radimera KL. Measurement of household food security in the USA and other industrialised countries. Public Health Nutr. 2002;5:859–864
  31. Nord M, Andrews M. Reducing food insecurity in the United States: assessing progress toward a national objective. Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Report No. 26-2. Washington, DC: United States Department of Agriculture; 2002;
  32. Anderson M, Cook JT. Community food security: practice in need of theory?. Agric Hum Values. 2004;16(2):141–150
  33. Anderson S. Core indicators of nutritional state for difficult-to-sample populations. J Nutr. 1990;120(suppl 11):1559–1600
  34. Welegtabit SR. Food security strategies for Vanuatu. Working paper series no. 58. Bogor, Indonesia: Coarse Grains, Pulses, Roots and Tuber Crops Centre; 2001;
  35. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . The state of food insecurity in the world: monitoring progress towards the World Food Summit and Millennium Development goals. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2003;
  36. Southern Africa Development Community . Regional emergency food security assessment report. Harare: Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vulnerability Assessment Committee; 2002;
  37. United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) . 2004 Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic. 4th global report. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2004;
  38. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . The state of food insecurity in the world 2006. Eradicating world hunger—taking stock ten years after the World Food Summit. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2006;
  39. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . FAO and SIDS: challenges and emerging issues in agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2004;
  40. Westley K, Mikhalev V. The use of participatory methods for livelihood assessment in situations of political instability: a case study from Kosovo. Working paper 190. London: Overseas Development Institute; 2002;
  41. The Sphere Project. The humanitarian charter and minimum standards in disaster response. Geneva: Th Spere Project; 2004. Available at: http://www.sphereproject.org/component/option,com_wrapper/Itemid,245/lang,English/.
  42. Burns C. A review of the literature describing the link between poverty, food insecurity and obesity with specific reference to Australia. Melbourne: VicHealth; 2004;
  43. Devaney BL. Program and services to improve the nutrition of pregnant women, infants and young children. In:  Tremblay RE,  Barr RG,  Peters RDeV editor. Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development [online]. Montreal, Quebec: Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development. 2003;p. 1–8Available at: http://www.child-encyclopedia.com/documents/DevaneyANGxp.pdf. Accessed 13 June 2009
  44. Oliveira V, Racine E, Olmsted J, Ghelfi LM. The WIC Program: Background, trends, and issues. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture Food and Rural Economic Division, Economic Research Service; 2002;Food Assistance and Nutrition Report No. FANRR27. Available at: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/fanrr27/. Accessed 13 June 2009.
  45. Cummins C, Macintyre S. Food deserts—evidence and assumption in health policy making. BMJ. 2002;325:436–438
  46. Wrigley N. Food deserts in British cities: policy context and research priorities. Urban Stud. 2002;39:2029–2040
  47. Renzaho AMN. Fat, rich and beautiful: changing socio-cultural paradigms associated with obesity risk, nutritional status and refugee children from sub-Saharan Africa. Health Place. 2004;10:105–113
  48. Renzaho AMN, Burns C. Post-migration food habits of sub-Saharan African migrants in Victoria: a cross-sectional study. Nutr Diet. 2006;63:91–102
  49. United States Agency for International Development . Policy determination 19: definition of food security. Washington, DC: United States Agency for International Development; 1992;
  50. Turton C. The sustainable livelihoods approach and programme development in Cambodia. Working paper 130. London: Overseas Development Institute; 2000;
  51. Bennett J. Safety nets and assets: Food aid in Cambodia. Journal of Humanitarian Assistance. Available at: http://www.jho.ac/articles/a065.htm. Accessed December 10, 2007.
  52. Martin K, Rogers BL, Cook JT, Joseph HM. Social capital is associated with decreased risk of hunger. Soc Sci Med. 2004;58:2645–2654
  53. Cook J, Fronk D, Berkowitz C, Black M, Caseg P, Cutts D, et al. Food insecurity is associated with adverse health outcomes among human infants and toddlers. J Nutr. 2004;134:1432–1438
  54. Adams E, Grummer-Strawn L, Chavez G. Food insecurity is associated with increased risk of obesity in California women. J Nutr. 2003;133:1070–1074
  55. Isanaka S, Mora-Plazas M, Lopez-Arana S, Baylin A, Villamor E. Food insecurity is highly prevalent and predicts underweight but not overweight in adults and school children from Bogotá. Colombia. J Nutr. 2007;137:2747–2755
  56. Gulliford M, Mahabir D, Rocke B. Food insecurity, food choices, and body mass index in adults: nutrition transition in Trinidad and Tobago. Int J Epidemiol. 2003;32:508–516
  57. Renzaho A. Evaluation of the Nthabiseng and Nazareth food security project, Lesotho. Summary of key achievements and suggested way forward. Melbourne: World Vision Australia; 2005;
  58. Collins S. The dangers of rapid assessment. Emergency Nutrition Network. Field Exch. 2001;13:18–19
  59. Drinkwater M, Rusinow T. Application of CARE's Livelihood Approach. Presentation for Natural Resource Advisor's Conference; 1999. Available at: http://www.livelihoods.org/info/nrac/care.pdf. Accessed October 8, 2008.

PII: S0899-9007(09)00223-8

doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.05.001

Nutrition
Volume 26, Issue 1 , Pages 1-9 , January 2010