Nutrition
Volume 25, Issue 11 , Pages 1073-1084, November 2009

Trace element supplementation in parenteral nutrition: Pharmacy, posology, and monitoring guidance

  • Gil Hardy, Ph.D., F.R.S.C.

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
    • ,
  • Ana Maria Menendez, B.Pharm.

      Affiliations

    • Instituto Argentino de Educación e Investigación en Nutricion, Buenos Aires, Argentina
    • ,
  • William Manzanares, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +598-2-480-6180; fax: +598-2-487-7213.

Received 19 December 2008; accepted 19 March 2009. published online 01 June 2009.

Abstract 

We review the general functions leading to interactions between micronutrients and other constituents that can affect their bioavailability in parenteral nutrition (PN) admixtures, assess micronutrient status of PN patients at risk of deficiencies or toxicities by laboratory testing, clinical signs, and symptoms, emphasize the importance of vigilance regarding potential chemical and physical incompatibilities in PN admixtures, and highlight the need for manufacturers and pharmacists to carefully monitor and minimize levels of trace element contamination in all PN products.

Keywords: Trace elements, Parenteral nutrition

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PII: S0899-9007(09)00138-5

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2009.03.004

Nutrition
Volume 25, Issue 11 , Pages 1073-1084, November 2009

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