Nutrition
Volume 24, Issue 5 , Pages 401-406, May 2008

Association between dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

  • Jennifer A. Griffith, M.S.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Yunsheng Ma, M.D., Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +508-856-1008; fax: +508-856-2022.
    • ,
  • Lisa Chasan-Taber, Sc.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Barbara C. Olendzki, R.D., M.P.H.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • David E. Chiriboga, M.D., M.P.H.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Edward J. Stanek III, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Philip A. Merriam, M.S.P.H.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Ira S. Ockene, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

Received 31 August 2007; accepted 27 December 2007.

Abstract 

Objective

This study examined the relation between quality of dietary carbohydrate intake, as measured by glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL), and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels.

Methods

During a 1-y observational study, data were collected at baseline and at each quarter thereafter. GI and GL were calculated from multiple 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs), 3 randomly selected 24HRs at every quarter, with up to 15 24HRs per participant. The hs-CRP was measured in blood samples collected at baseline and each of the four quarterly measurement points. Multivariable linear mixed models were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of GI, GL, and hs-CRP.

Results

Among 582 adult men and women with at least two measurements of diet and hs-CRP, average daily GI score (white bread = 100) was 85 and average GL was 198, and average hs-CRP was 1.84 mg/L. Overall, there was no association between GI or GL and hs-CRP. Subgroup analyses revealed an inverse association between GL and hs-CRP among obese individuals (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2).

Conclusion

Quality of dietary carbohydrates does not appear to be associated with serum hs-CRP levels. Among obese individuals, higher dietary GL appears to be related to lower hs-CRP levels. Due to the limited number of studies on this topic and their conflicting results, further investigation is warranted.

Keywords: Glycemic index, Glycemic load, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Diet, Carbohydrate, Cardiovascular diseases

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 This work was supported by grants R01-HL52745 and 1 R21 HL074895-01 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

PII: S0899-9007(08)00006-3

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2007.12.017

Nutrition
Volume 24, Issue 5 , Pages 401-406, May 2008

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