Energy metabolism in infants with congenital heart disease
Andreas Nydegger, Julie E. Bines
Nutrition
July 2006 (Vol. 22, Issue 7, Pages 697-704) Abstract |
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Table 2 from the article, “Energy metabolism in infants with congenital heart disease,” by Andreas Nydegger, M.D., and Julie E. Bines, M.D., F.R.A.C.P., which appeared in the July-August issue of Nutrition: The International Journal of Applied and Basic Nutritional Sciences [2006;22(7–8):697–704] is reprinted here. The original design of the table was somewhat confusing.
Table 2.
Comparison of published literature
Author
Y
Age range (including n)
Preoperatively
Postoperatively
Controls
Study methodology
n
REE kJ·kg−1·d−1 (kcal/kg/d)
TEE
n
REE kJ·kg−1·d−1 (kcal/kg/d)
TEE
n
REE kJ·kg−1·d−1 (kcal/kg/d)
TEE
Gebara [40]
1992
2 mo–12 y
26
230±33
N/A
-Prospective, observational single-center study
-REE postop only
-No TEE, no controls
(c = 20) (a = 6)
(55±8)
Mitchell [42]
1994
4–33 mo
18
487±131
17
315±88
18
467±25
-Prospective, single-center study
-TEE pre and postop with controls
-No REE
(c = 7) (a = 11)
(116±31)
(75±21)
(112±6)
Barton [32]
1994
0.23–0.58 y
8
426±12
4
280±60
N/A
-Prospective, single-center study
-TEE pre- and postop
-No REE, no controls
(c = 2) (a = 6)
(102±3)
(67±14)
Leitch [26]
1998
>35 wk
10(2wk)
242±24
304±74
12(2wk)
239±41
250±46
-Longitudinal single-center study
-REE and TEE preop only with controls
(c = 10) (a = 0)
(58±6)
(73±18)
(57–10)
(60±11)
10(3mo)
268±69
392±97
12(3mo)
234±30
302±55
(64±16)
(94±23)
(56±7)
(72±13)
Ackerman [16]
1998
3–5 mo
8
198±38
433±103
10
238±58
350±18
-Prospective, single-center study
-REE and TEE preop only, with controls
(c = 0) (a = 8)
(47±9)
(103±25)
57±14
84±4
Leitch [44]
2000
5.7 ± 0.5 y
7
280±32
291±60
10
244±32
319±37
-Prospective, single-center study
-REE and TEE postop only, with controls
(c = 7) (a = 0)
(67±8)
(70±14)
(58±8)
(76±9)
Farrell [28]
2001
3–5 mo
Congestive heart failure:
-Prospective, single-center study
-REE and TEE preop only, with controls
(c = 0) (a = 17)
10
218±59
385±84
13
184±50
255±38
(52±14)
(92±20)
(44±12)
(61±9)
Non-congestive heart failure:
7
184±33
322±71
(44±8)
(77±17)
Avitzur [54]
2003
c = 13 (3.2 mo)
13(c)
238±54
6(c)
247±42
N/A
-Prospective, single-center study
-REE pre and postop
-No TEE, no controls
(57±13)
(59±10)
a = 13 (12.3 mo)
13(a)
243±38
11(a)
259±42
(58±9)
(62±10)
van der Kuip [17]
2003
2–8 mo
11
381±42
23
298±36
-Prospective, observational two-center study, including meta-analysis
-TEE preop only, with controls
-No REE
(c = 0) (a = 11)
(91±10)
(71±9)
a, acyanotic; c, cyanotic; n, number of patients; REE, resting energy expenditure; TEE, total energy expenditure; VSD, ventricular septal defect; DLW, doubly labeled water; preop, preoperatively; postop, postoperatively; N/A, not applicable.