Nutrition
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 51-58 , January 2005

Development and validation of a questionnaire to test knowledge and practices of dietitians regarding dietary supplements

  • Nelia P. Steyn, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +27-21-938-0242; fax: +27-21-933-5519
  • ,
  • Demetre Labadarios, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Human Nutrition, University of Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
  • ,
  • Johanna H. Nel, D.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Chronic Diseases of Lifestyle Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
  • ,
  • Robertson Heidi-Lee, B.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Vitamin Information Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa

Received 27 April 2004 ,Accepted 25 July 2004.

References 

  1. Conner M , Kirk SF , Cade JE , Barrett JH . Why do women use dietary supplements? The use of the theory of planned behaviour to explore beliefs about their use. Soc Sci Med . 2001;52:621–633
  2. Hathcock J . Dietary supplements: how they are used and regulated. J Nutr . 2001;131:1114S–7
  3. Vickery CE , Cotugna N . Dietitian's beliefs about the importance of health promotion practices. J Community Health . 1990;15:319–327
  4. Erkkola M , Karppinen M , Jarvinen A , Knip M , Virtanen SM . Folate, vitamin D, and iron intakes are low among pregnant Finnish women. Eur J Clin Nutr . 1998;52:742–748
  5. In:  Labadarios D editors. The National Food Consumption Survey of 1–9 year old children in South Africa, 1999. Pretoria: Directorate of Nutrition; 2000;
  6. Monge-Rojas R . Marginal vitamin and mineral intake of Costa Rican adolescents. Arch Med Res . 2001;32:70–78
  7. Serra-Majem L . Vitamin and mineral intakes in European children (Is food fortification needed?). Public Health Nutr . 2001;4(1A):101–107
  8. Marshall TA , Stumbo PJ , Warren JJ , Xie XJ . Inadequate nutrient intakes are common and are associated with low diet variety in rural, community-dwelling elderly. J Nutr . 2001;131:2192–2196
  9. Vitolins MZ , Quandt SA , Case LD , Bell RA , Arcury TA , McDonald J . Vitamin and mineral supplement use by older rural adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci . 2000;55(10):M613–M617
  10. Stang J , Story MT , Harnack L , Neumark-Sztainer D . Relationships between vitamin and mineral supplement use, dietary intake, and dietary adequacy among adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc . 2000;100:905–910
  11. Kiely M , Flynn A , Harrington KE , Robson PJ , O'Connor N , Hannon EM, et al. The efficacy and safety of nutritional supplement use in a representative sample of adults in the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey. Public Health Nutr . 2001;4(5A):1089–1097
  12. Ervin RB , Kennedy-Stephenson J . Mineral intakes of elderly adult supplement and non-supplement users in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. J Nutr . 2002;132:3422–3427
  13. Troppmann L , Gray-Donald K , Johns T . Supplement use: is there any nutritional benefit?. J Am Diet Assoc . 2002;102:818–825
  14. Slesinski MJ , Subar AF , Kahle LL . Dietary intake of fat, fiber and other nutrients is related to use of vitamin and mineral supplements in the United States: the 1992 National Health Interview Survey. J Nutr . 1996;126:3001–3008
  15. Ervin RB , Wright JD , Kennedy-Stephenson J . Use of dietary supplements in the United States, 1988–94. Vital Health Stat . 1999;244:1–14
  16. Moschandreas J , Kafatos A . Food and nutrient intakes of Greek (Cretan) adults (Recent data for food-based dietary guidelines in Greece). Br J Nutr . 1999;81:S71–S76
  17. Wearne SJ , Day MJL . Clues for the development of food-based dietary guidelines: how are dietary targets being achieved by UK consumers. Br J Nutr . 1999;81:S119–S126
  18. Merlino NS , Price JH . Dietitian's perceptions about and personal nutrition practices for cancer risk reduction. J Community Health . 1992;17:117–130
  19. Worthington-Roberts B , Breskin M . Supplementation patterns of Washington State dietitians. J Am Diet Assoc . 1984;84:795–800
  20. Lee YK , Georgiou C , Raab C . The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dietitians licensed in Oregon regarding functional foods, nutrient supplements, and herbs as complementary medicine. J Am Diet Assoc . 2000;100:543–548
  21. Steigh C , Glassman PA , Fajardo F . Physician and dietitian prescribing of a commercially available oral nutritional supplement. Am J Manag Care . 1998;4:567–572
  22. Marriott BM . Functional foods: an ecologic perspective. Am J Clin Nutr . 2000;71:1728S–34
  23. Boeckner LS , McClelland JW , Britten P, et al. Evaluating diverse weight management programs with a standard evaluation questionnaire. J Nutr Educ . 1999;31:262–268
  24. Alaimo K , Olson CM , Frongello EA . Importance of cognitive testing for survey items: an example of from food security questionnaires. J Nutr Educ . 1999;31:269–275
  25. Byrd-Bredbenner CB . A nutrition knowledge test for nutrition educators. J Nutr Educ . 1981;13:97–99
  26. Dwyer JT , Stolurow KA , Orr A . A nutrition knowledge test for high school students. J Nutr Educ . 1981;13:93–94
  27. Lackey CJ , Kolasa KM , Penner KP , Mutch BL . Development of the NKT-A general nutrition knowledge test for teachers. J Nutr Educ . 1981;13:100–101
  28. Steyn NP , Walker ARP . Nutritional status and food security in sub-Saharan Africa: predictions for 2020. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr . 2000;9:5–10
  29. Sullivan AD , Schwartz NE . Assessment of attitudes and knowledge about diet and heart disease. J Nutr Educ . 1981;13:106–108
  30. Talmage H , Rasher SP . Validity and reliability issues in measurement instrumentation. J Nutr Educ . 1981;13:83–85
  31. Parmenter K , Wardle J . Development of a general nutritional knowledge questionnaire for adults. Eur J Clin Nutr . 1999;53:298–308
  32. Kline P . The handbook of psychological testing. London: Routledge; 1993;
  33. Kline P . A handbook of test construction. London: Methuen; 1986;

 This study was supported by the Vitamin Information Centre, Isando, South Africa.

PII: S0899-9007(04)00220-5

doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.09.008

Nutrition
Volume 21, Issue 1 , Pages 51-58 , January 2005